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        <title>AGP-SMYDP0542</title>
        <editor>Roger S. Bagnall</editor>
        <respStmt>
          <resp>Encoded in XML from original publication</resp>
          <name>Tom Elliott</name>
          <name>David M. Ratzan</name>
          <name>Patrick J. Burns</name>
          <name>Georgios Tsolakis</name>
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        <respStmt>
          <resp>Created scripts automatically generating XML according to EpiDoc Guidelines</resp>
          <name>Hammad Ahmad</name>
          <name>Mackenzie Brooks</name>
          <name>Kyle Helms</name>
          <name>Sara Sprenkle</name>
          <name>Trevor Stalnaker</name>
        </respStmt>
        <respStmt>
          <resp>Principle Contributor</resp>
          <name>Roger S. Bagnall</name>
          <date>2016-10-03</date>
        </respStmt>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <publisher>Ancient Graffiti Project</publisher>
        <idno ref="URI">https://ancientgraffiti.org/Graffiti/graffito/AGP-SMYDP0542</idno>
        <date>2026</date>
        <availability>
          <p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.</p>
        </availability>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <bibl>
          <name>R.S. Bagnall</name>
          <name>R. Casagrande-Kim</name>
          <name>A. Ersoy</name>
          <name>C. Tanriver</name>
          <name>B. Yolaçan</name>
          <title level="m">Graffiti from the Basilica in the Agora of Smyrna</title>
          <publisher>First published by the Institute for the Study of the Ancient World and the New York University Press, 2016.</publisher>
          <pubPlace>New York</pubPlace>
          <date>2016</date>
        </bibl>
        <msDesc>
          <msIdentifier>
            <repository>EDR</repository>
            <idno>SMYDP0542</idno>
          </msIdentifier>
          <msIdentifier>
            <repository>AGP</repository>
            <idno>AGP-SMYDP0542</idno>
          </msIdentifier>
          <physDesc>
            <objectDesc>
              <supportDesc>
                <support />
              </supportDesc>
              <layoutDesc>
                <layout>
                  Graffito/incised Dimensions:
                  <dimensions>
                    <height unit="centimeter">4</height>
                    <width unit="centimeter">11</width>
                  </dimensions>
                </layout>
              </layoutDesc>
            </objectDesc>
            <handDesc />
            <decoDesc>
              <decoNote xml:lang="la">((:gladiator ad dext., eques))</decoNote>
              <decoNote xml:lang="en">gladiator facing right, eques</decoNote>
            </decoDesc>
          </physDesc>
          <history>
            <origin>
              <origPlace>
                <placeName ref="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/550771">Smyrna</placeName>
              </origPlace>
              <origDate notBefore-custom="0180" notAfter-custom="0300" datingMethod="#julian">0180-0300 C.E.</origDate>
            </origin>
            <provenance type="found">
              <placeName ref="ancientgraffiti.org/Graffiti/properties/Smyrna/Agora/1">Basilica of the Agora of Smyrna, Izmir, Turkey</placeName>
            </provenance>
          </history>
        </msDesc>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
    <profileDesc>
      <calendarDesc>
        <calendar xml:id="julian">
          <p>Julian calendar</p>
        </calendar>
      </calendarDesc>
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    <body>
      <div type="edition" xml:space="preserve"><ab /></div>
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        <p />
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        <p />
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      <div type="commentary">
        <p>Graffito of a gladiator located at the southern face of Pier A54, looking into the Basilica’s northern corridor. The man is depicted in profile, advancing toward the right. The sleeveless tunic, the visored helmet, the manica at the right arm, and especially the long lance (hasta) suggest that the gladiator is an eques. The graffito is partially abraded at the bottom; therefore, it is not possible to determine if the gladiator was originally depicted on a horse. The graffito is possibly to be read in relation to the two spectators in graffito DP54.1.</p>
      </div>
      <div type="bibliography">
        <p>Bagnall, R. S. et al., Graffiti from the Basilica in the Agora of Smyrna (2016): 340.</p>
      </div>
      <div type="summary">
        <p>Drawing of a gladiator</p>
      </div>
    </body>
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